Transatlantic Change in North American Colonies

Remembered for these progressions were: lab or source, sorts of work, association of work, race and the kinds of yields/farming required. These progressions ere increasingly noteworthy in light of the fact that they lead to much more changes, advancement s, enhancements, inconveniences, and so on. Which all lead to society today. After some time, the interest for work continued as before; things should have been master elicited, which implied work was required so as to give providers/buyers with anything they desired/needed.The wellspring of that required work, notwithstanding, changed. Obligated SE ravens were the wellspring of work all through the states, however in 161 9, the primary gathering of individuals were brought from Africa to the Americas to become slaves. To a few, subjugation was found to be a lot less expensive and progressively proficient that obligated bondage: mass sum s of Africans could be brought over to America without a moment's delay, and they could undoubted ly be sold and attempt included anyplace among the states where need be.To others however, there wasn't a very remarkable requirement for slaves. Individuals despite everything supported contracted workers, whom they'd been utilizing for q tutee some time as of now, since they felt to a greater degree an individual subjugation with them, so they we zone bit hesitant to surrender them. Obligated bondage would before long be nearly eclipsed b subjection however, on the grounds that 30 years after 1 793, comes the cotton gin which will raise the significance of ranches, in this way expanding slave demand.Even still however, the work source changed from contracted subjugation to servitude, as did a change happen from resource ranch s to estates. With this change from ranches to estates, came a change from resource harvests to showcased yields, for example, tobacco and, the most popular, cotton; the entirety of this can be viewed because of the significant populace development and extens ion of the province, also an importation/exportation changes (exchanging slaves for merchandise, triangular trade).To repeat, finishing up, congruity was kept up in viewpoints, for example, request d/requirement for work, requirement for crops/agribusiness, importation, and so forth. It was the changes (work source, which crops/kind of agribusiness is utilized, what is being imported/sent out) that happened from transoceanic connections that hold much more centrality since they lead t o changes, enhancements, advancements, and so forth.

Lady Macbeths Character Analysis

Woman Macbeths Character At the start of the play Lady Macbeth is exceptionally enthusiastic on taking the seat and would do anything so as to get it, even. She is likewise controlling over her better half and requesting. We first observe Lady Macbeth in the play when she is perusing a letter from macbeth who is clarifying what his future holds from him as per the three witches, which is that he will take on the seat. Woman Macbeth as of now is extremely driven about this and begins to plan to execute King Duncan. She says ‚‘‘ Hie thee hither,That I may pour my spirits in thine ear;‘‘ This recommends she is controlling and whatever she discloses to Macbeth she will handily convince and control him to execute lord Duncan. Woman macbeth is proposing that her maternal senses and her sustaining nature is preventing her from murdering King Duncan. She says ‚‘‘ Unsex me here and full me from the crown to the toe, go to my lady bosoms and take my milk for gall‘‘. This proposes shes needing to dispose of her feminity, so she can really be malicious without feeling regretful and that take her milk which she would used to think about her kid into poison. She at that point battles to defeat her feminity and makes Macbeth slaughter King Duncan. She at that point sees the seat in sight and is incredibly glad about this yet Macbeth’s inner voice battles with him causing him to feel blameworthy and lament what he has done. The Blood is a

6 Tips For Funding Freelance Startups

6 Tips For Funding Freelance Startups Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!6 Tips For Funding Freelance StartupsUpdated On 20/02/2016Author : gwenstewartTopic : BusinessShort URL : http://hbb.me/1ReUN3T CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogWhen you have an idea for a company and have done all the necessary research to make an informed decision and reasonable assumption that your idea is viable, the next step is to implement a plan to develop, startup and grow your Business. This means you must have the capital. There are several different ways in which an aspiring entrepreneur can get the necessary funding to build or grow their business venture. Listed below are some of the methods and resources that can be utilized to acquire startup funding.1. BootstrappingThis term refers to financing your startup with you own cash on hand. Your startup funding may be acquired from money you have saved, or it could be from profits earned from previous startup s. Bootstrapping has the advantage of not having to pay back any loans and interest, but it can also cost you significant savings if you dont keep careful track of spending or your startup fails.2. InvestorsEntrepreneurs best chances of finding investors in the business idea is to network. Use social networking sites, attend networking functions and events, talk to people you know who might know others. The advantage to having investors is that you can negotiate contract terms. The downside is that investors often feel that they have a say in how your business is going to be run. After all, they now have a high stake in the success of your business, and if they feel that you are handling things efficiently, they might want to pull out.3. Family and FriendsEntrepreneurs often receive startup funding from family and friends. While this also eliminates the problem of having to immediately begin paying back the loan or building up interest, it can also cause potential problems down the road. Even though you have a different relationship with friends and family than you would a bank, you should still treat the loan in a professional manner and not expect to get away with paying them back at a later date than was previously expected. Borrowing money from friends and family has the potential to ruin the relationship.READ4 Basic Ways to Attract and Keep Customers (That You Must Know)4. Debt FinancingBanks and financial institutions are being more picky about who they give startup funding capital to these days. Your best chances for receiving a loan is to do your due diligence, and put together a well-written, well-researched report and business plan. The more you can show a bank about the future viability and potential success of your business idea, the more inclined they will be to grant you a loan.5. GrantsDepending on the nature of your business venture, you may eligible for consideration for a grant. There is a lot of competition amongst entrepreneurs and startups to be awarded a grant, and most states have their own grants. You can also attempt to secure a grant through the Small Business Administrations Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Program. It is possible to receive a large sum of startup funds through a grant, but the negative aspect is that you are often only allowed to use the money according to strict guidelines.6. Other FinancingThere are several types of financing options available that will provide you with startup funding. Each type has their pros and cons, and you must decide if any one particular financing option is worth it for you or if you would be better off seeking capital elsewhere.Series a financing is one type of option, in which venture capitalists often provide entrepreneurs with large sums of money that will help the individual further expand and grow a small business that is already showing strong signs of success. Equity financing is another type of financing that typically involves receiving funding fro m private investors who receive a percentage of the company in return.When considering financing options, it is strongly suggested that you first consult with a legal expert that has sufficient experience in these matters.

Organizational Design - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 447 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/09/25 Category Advertising Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Organizational Design Article Analysis This essay will in a few words review the journal article entitled, â€Å"Assessing the Fit between Learning Objectives in ODC Graduate Programs and Organizational Requirements for ODC Practitioners†. The essay will also focus on the future of organizational design. Both practice and theory are important elements for the viability of organizational design. Future research would include investigating organizations and graduates. This can be done by sampling graduates and hiring managers. Websites like CareerBuilder. om and Monster. com are excellent ways to obtain information about competency requirements for positions for organizations. Together graduates and organizations can close the missing link for improving conditions that exist within the workplace (O’Neil Sharp). The methodology for the psychological empirical research conducted in this article was done with a comparison of data sets. These data sets were derived f rom content analysis form management skills from human resource departments and skills from college graduates in the area of organizational psychology. The data from these sets was utilized to obtain information about skills, knowledge, and abilities of individuals that work for organizations. These individuals included all employees those in organizational psychology and traditional employees of various organizations (O’Neil Sharp). Organizational design is focused on development and training of individuals within the workplace of an organization. Human resource is one of the most important aspects of an organization. Second, various components within the human resource department with the proper execution, organizational analysis, and design will yield the best results for the organization. Research in this article suggests that individuals in management are well placed. However, there is a missing link regarding training and development. This is where organizational psychology is important, and will remain so for the future (O’Neil Sharp). Conclusion Perhaps, the future of organizational design begins with graduate programs in Organization Psychology. Here is where all of the new innovative developments and changes will first be observed. There are various components which are frequently associated with organizations, the workplace, and their employees. Organizational analysis and design, functions as the missing link for Academics and organizational design psychology to be implemented into motion. Research has indicated that graduate programs focus primarily on human resources, management, and training and development departments for organizations. Organizational Psychology aims to provide the missing link for the disconnection that is present between hiring managers and the curriculum that employees have to meet for organizations (O’Neil Sharp). References ONeil, D. , Sharp, E.. (2009). Hit or Miss? Assessing the Fit b etween Learning Objectives in OD Graduate Programs and Organizational Requirements for OD Practitioners. Organization Development Journal, 27(2), 69-83. Retrieved September 20, 2010, from ProQuest Psychology Journals. (Document ID: 1737653891). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Organizational Design" essay for you Create order

Maxims and Masks The Epigram in The Importance of Being...

Maxims and Masks: The Epigram in The Importance of Being Earnest Oscar Wilde frames The Importance of Being Earnest around the paradoxical epigram, a skewering metaphor for the plays central theme of division of truth and identity that hints at a homosexual subtext. Other targets of Wildes absurd yet grounded wit are the social conventions of his stuffy Victorian society, which are exposed as a shallow mask of manners (1655). Aided by clever wordplay, frantic misunderstanding, and dissonance of knowledge between the characters and the audience, devices that are now staples of contemporary theater and situation comedy, Earnest suggests that, especially in civilized society, we all lead double lives that force upon us a†¦show more content†¦Though both men are Bunburyists, Wilde holds and heightens dramatic tension through Jacks denial of the fact. The characters are given to hyperbolic conviction in their brief speeches, a fast-paced technique that magnifies the plays distant relationship to vaudevillian humor and reveals another duality w ithin homosexuality; Algernon is perfectly happy to be gay, while Jack is repellent to the idea, perhaps even to the point of self-loathing. Algernon puns on the idiom to part with, showing his reluctance to remove himself from both the world and the physically splitting position of homosexuality: Nothing will induce me to part with Bunbury, and if you ever get married, which seems to me extremely problematic, you will be very glad to know Bunbury. A man who marries without knowing Bunbury has a very tedious time of it (1634). Jack claims he is going to kill [his] brother, conflating his sexual duality as all he will kill is a part of himself: That is nonsense. If I marry a charming girl like Gwendolen, and she is the only girl I ever saw in my life that I would marry, I

United States and Cuba Foreign Policy - 891 Words

United States and Cuba Foreign Policy Cuba and the United States of America have had an interesting relationship since before their independences. This relationship has struggled since before Fidel Castro came into power. Castro being as autocratic as he became, or less antagonistic to the US policies could have made the relationship less adversarial (Jentleson). The relationship between the two countries was not bad prior to the Spanish American War. The outcome of this period was U.S. defeating Spain. Spain gave up all claims to Cuba and cedes it to the US(US). US foreign policy with Cuba has changed since the Cuban missile crisis in 1966; US and Cuba sure know how to hold hatred. At first, the Cuban Missile Crisis began on October 1962. This crisis was over the installation of nuclear-armed Soviet missiles in Cuba, just 90 miles from the US shores(Cuban). President John F Kennedy notified Americans about the missile crisis and informed them that military action will be performed if necessary to neutralize the perceived threat to national security(Cuban). A lot of people feared that the world was on the brink of a nuclear war(Cuban). Luckily the disaster was avoided when the US agreed to accept the Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev’s offer to remove the Cuban missiles in exchange for the US promising not to invade Cuba(Cuban). Even though the missiles were removed from Cuba the relationship between the countries was still good as they both gained. This made US lookShow MoreRelatedThe American Imperialism Essay558 Words   |  3 PagesAfter the civil war, United States took a turn that led them to solidify as the world power. From the late 1800s, as the US began to collect power through Cuba, Hawaii, and the Philippines, debate arose among historians about American imperialism and its behavior. Historians such as William A. Williams, Arthur Schlesinger, and Stephen Kinzer provides their own vision and how America ought to be through ideas centered aro und economics, power, and racial superiority. Economics becomes a large factorRead More American Foreign Policy in the 1890s Essay708 Words   |  3 PagesAmerican Foreign Policy in the 1890s American foreign policy during the 1890s was based on many factors that each acted as an individual justification for our country’s behavior as a whole. Racism, nationalism, commercialism, and humanitarianism each had its own role in the actions America took against other nations. Most Americans were extremely racist during this time period. The predominant culture in the country was white, Anglo-Saxon, Protestants, aka WASPs. They scorned the now free blackRead MoreEssay about President Bush And Us Foreign Policy1683 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States election in 2000 raised a debate between democrat and republican and in the end the American people chose a new leader Mr. George w. Bush. President Bush clearly defined foreign policy objectives and goals. I have seen and hear our dear President Bush foreign policy after September 11. Following this, Bush has established its top priorities in foreign policy. He claims that an acts in the government to improve the international community through negotiation and cooperation. LikewiseRead MoreU.s. Bush s Administration On Foreign Policy Over The Last Forty Years1717 Words   |  7 Pagesdefinition of unilateralism and its application to US foreign policy over the last forty years. 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The United States, following Cold War calculus, allied with unscrupulous leaders opposed to communism,Read MoreThe Roots Of International Relations1851 Words   |  8 PagesThe roots of International Relations in the United States often reflect and inward looking nation, and yet, today America stands as the worlds sole superpower. By examining the paradigm shift over the last 200 years in America from introspective to globally minded, we can better understand international decision making and evaluate our future role in the international system. By being able to identify or theorize the different motivations for the engagement of separate countries, we can bet ter predictRead MoreReview of Bitter Fruit by Stephen Schlesinger and Stephen Kinzer3197 Words   |  13 PagesSchlesinger and Stephen Kinzer Book Review and Critical Analysis The year is 1954. Government agencies resurrect secret plans previously discarded until a more forceful administration comes to power. Behind the scenes, the CIA and State Department are fervently working in over time trying to engineer a government overthrow against a populist nationalist in their own backyard who has the dare audacity to threaten both US economic and geopolitical interest. Accusations of communismRead MoreThe Impact Of Black Friday On American Symbols, Values And Interests6556 Words   |  27 Pageswar† against the United States—and to a large extent, the attacks were â€Å"acts of war,† indeed. According to many critics, these attacks were â€Å"unprecedented† in American history in that they presented a direct, potential threat to the American territory. The gravity of the event was manifest not only in terms of the scale of the attacks, but also in terms of the â€Å"direction in which the guns were pointed.† As Chom sky explains [t]he last time the national territory of the United States was under attackRead MoreHow the Cuba Policy Affected trade with the U.S. Today Essay1286 Words   |  6 PagesHow the Cuba Policy Affected trade with the U.S. Today The Cuba Policy came into effect to end all relations between the United States and Cuba. The U.S. policy toward Cuba is controlled by the embargo, which contains economic agreements and restrictions on travel to Cuba. The effect of this policy is to minimize commercial, political and resident relations between the United States and Cuba. The State Department indicated that the purpose of the embargo was to have a nonviolent transition to aRead MoreThe Legacy Of The Monroe Doctrine1195 Words   |  5 PagesThe Monroe Doctrine was established by U.S. president James Monroe and the U.S. secretary of state John Quincy Adams. Their plan of the Monroe Doctrine represented a solid line where the Americans will no longer tolerate interference from European powers in any way shape or form. For the most part, America was minding its own business until Imperialism started booming in the late 1800’s. Latin America was less developed and America saw South and Central America as perfect candidates to extract resources

Rabbit Proof Fence free essay sample

Fence tells the true story of three Aboriginal girls who are forcibly removed from their families. Set in 1931, their removal was part of an official Australian government policy which removed ‘half caste’ children from their parents and placed them within institutions that trained these children to become domestic servants. The story centres on the three girls escape from the Moore River Settlement (the institution in which they are placed) and their incredible 1,500 mile journey home following the rabbit-proof fence. We can also consider how the generic structure of the Rabbit-Proof Fence affects the meaning. The use of Molly’s voice-over at the beginning of a film is a recurrent pattern in film making and occurs because of audience preference and the success of particular patterns of story telling. These patterns also reflect an audience’s cultural background. Many Australian feature films have for example adopted a documentary style narration or include a family member who supports the telling of the story. We will write a custom essay sample on Rabbit Proof Fence or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The inclusion of a voice over also reflects the fact that story telling is traditionally an oral activity in Aboriginal culture. * Rabbit-Proof Fence is quite comprehensible without a knowledge of Australian life and culture. Factors such as gender, ethnic background and economic status cut across the various levels and forms of education. A cultural and ideological approach to a film text however exposes assumptions about the way we live our lives. This film can therefore be read on one level as an exciting adventure story in which three innocent children make a daring escape from their captors. On a second level, a social and cultural study of the film will draw the viewer to consider what is meant by the Stolen Generation and consider the thinking behind official government policy of the period. * The first frame is a close up shot of Molly with her mother Maude. They are both looking upwards (watching the Spirit Bird which is out of shot). Early in the film the viewer is therefore positioned to see the spiritual nature of Aboriginal culture. The Spirit Bird later in the film becomes central to the girls’ ability to cross the desert. It acts as a spiritual guide, providing strength to endure, survive and succeed. * Archive footage is used to create authenticity in the construction of the setting (the city of Perth in Western Australia). The original black and white film has been coloured in a laboratory to add to the realism of the scene. Written codes are also applied to this frame. Frame two is a close up shot of a pen nib writing the word â€Å"Molly† on a card. Frame three juxtaposed with frame two is a low angle medium close up as Neville looks up from the card. The angle gives him power and authority. * The film ends (as it began) with the use of a documentary style narration. After witnessing the intense emotional impact of the girls return to Jigalong we hear directly from the real Molly and Daisy (as they are today : two old ladies reflecting back on their painful true story). The montage of shots all include sub-titles as Molly speaks in dialect. The montage begins in Mr. Neville’s office and moves from a silhouette shot of Molly, Daisy, Frinda and Maude from the film to a series of aerial landscape shots reflecting the immensity of their journey along the rabbit-proof fence. The montage concludes and the film ends with final frames of the real Molly and Daisy walking in mid-shot and concluding that they will never return to â€Å"that place. † Rabbit Proof Fence free essay sample Alabama† uses literary techniques such as symbolism, repetition and rhyme to express the journey being undertaken by Skynard. Each of these texts explore the notion that it is the journey, not the desitination that is important. The use of symbolism in Rabbit Proof Fence is used to explore the concept that the journey not the distination matters. Symbolism is the use of one object to represent a notion or other object. The inclusion of the spirit bird in the story explores the importance of religion to the girls and the importance of the journey. As mentiioined in an aearlier scene, the spirit bird appears (over the exhausted Molly and Gracie) and awakens them from their sleep. This is used to refer to hope and provides in indication that they will make it home, and will have spiritually benefited from their journey. The use of symbolism lends to the notion that it is indeed the journey, not the destination that matters. We will write a custom essay sample on Rabbit Proof Fence or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Different lighting techniques enable the notion of the journey being the thing that matters to be convery to the viewer. Lighting specific to the mood is used to infer location, time and the changing nature of the journey. The harsh brightness throughout the journey is a portrayal of the unforgiving locale and conditions needing to be overcome in order to reach the destination. The most relevant and important example of this being the pitch black used when the girls are reunited with Maud. This sued of darkness is used to imply the solemn nature of the arrival, and is accompanied by Molly’s statement â€Å"I lost one† which is indicativbe of the importance of the journey, rather than the final destination. Camera angles are used by Noyce to explore the idea that it is the journey, not the destination that matters. The panning long shot of the horizon (used at the commencement of the journey, when the three girls escape Moore River) is used to express the long difficult task at hand, and that in order to arrive home, they must over come a harsh terrain and long journey. The use of such varying camera angles sis indicative that it is the actual journey that matters, as oppose to the final destination. The â€Å"Rabbit Proof Fence† plays two vital roles throughout the journey of Molly, Daisy and Gracie, and is reflective of the importance of the journey. The fence is a representation of a map, as it is a symbol of home for the girls and provides a way in order for them to get home (following the fence). What is later revealed is that the fence has actually proven to be an obstacle, and that they have followed the wrong fence, and must change direction to get home. The ability of the girls to overcome this hurdle, and arrive home is again indicative of the notion that it is the journey – not the destination – that matters when undertaking a physical journey. The growth of Molly throughout the film reflects on the importance of the journey rather than the final outcome achieved. Molly is established from the beginning of the film as a key character, but her growth throughout the journey serves to reaffirm and strengthen this notion. We see her growth into a hunter, a supplier of food and water, and most importantly a maternal figure for her sister and cousin. This is most prominent in the arrival home, with her regretful statement, â€Å"I lost one† The physical journey undertaken enabled Molly to become more empowered, and provided a chance to hone the traditional skills of Aborigines, such as hunting, tracking and finding of water, and for this reason, the journey – not the destination – is what matters from a physical journey.

Marketing Management

Introduction Marketing Management is a business aspect that entails the marketing department of an organization researching and giving proposals on how best an organization can change its business techniques to best suit the changing environmental conditions. The roles of a marketing manager or consultant vary depending on the size of an organization and general industry characteristics.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To create an effective marketing strategy, marketing managers or consultants should understand clearly the market environment within which they operate[1]. A marketing environment consists of factors or elements such as customers, competitors, suppliers, government policies or controls among other micro and macro-economic factors that affect a business. Given the fact that all those aspects, which form the marketing environment, are always const antly changing, marketing consultants are compelled to be up to date. It is only when a marketing manager is armed with current information that he or she can come up with new strategies and ideas to ensure his or her organization remains competitive.[2] Based on this understanding, this paper provides an analysis of Singapore’s Manor House Country Club Hotel. Manor House Country Club Hotel Manor House Country Club Hotel (MCCH), which is the case study in this paper, is located in Singapore; is an island of almost 650 square kilometers. Manor Country Club House is on a 1.2 ha piece of land and given its strategic geographical location on the Island, it attracts many customers. It is situated near Theme Park and a Museum, which increases its economic prospects. In order to understand factors affecting its profitability, a marketing consultant has to look in both the microenvironment and the macro-environment in which it operates[3]. Microenvironment of MCCH The microenvironmen t of a business consists of factors such as organizational culture, organizational resources, organizational structure, customers, competitors, suppliers and the immediate public that surround the organization. It is reported that the hotel industry has witnessed an increase in sit-down meal customers i.e. a growth rate of 16% was registered since 2003. Based on this trend, an increase in customers should be expected if variety of sit-down meals from diverse parts of the world are introduced.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally, the management should consider introducing a boutique at MCCH to attract customers. Information from hotels in other middle-east countries, like Qatar, shows that tourists prefer services of boutique while on holiday. Therefore, the new CEO of MCCH should consider investing in a boutique to provide more value for tourists who lodge at the ho tel. The new CEO will be preparing to fail if he does not address himself to competitors’ characteristics. It has to be noted that in the Singapore market, there is lack of differentiation i.e. all the hotels do the same things save for different prices and the different locations of these hotels. The only things that distinguish MCCH from competitors are price and location. Differentiation through the introduction of more quality and diverse services is thus very important in delivering a competitive advantage[4]. It is recommendable that MCCH focuses of tailored cultural experiences in order to attract and delight customers more than competition. Many visiting tourists must necessarily find it exciting when they are exposed to different Singaporean cultures while staying in MCCH. Macro-environment of MCCH A business’ macro-environment consists of factors that affect an organization but the organization has no direct control over the same[5]. Macro-economic factors th at affect business operations include demographic, economical, environmental, legal technological, cultural, and political forces. Macro-environmental factors keeps on changing over the years[6]. Therefore, it is important for marketers to keep scanning the business environment to respond to change in time. In the year 1990, the total population in Singapore was 2.705 million. The latest population projection indicates that Singapore’s total population is 3 million. This means that for a period of ten years the population has increased by a paltry 300,000 people. It therefore follows that Singapore has a very low population growth rate and majority of the total population are ageing people. Such statistics should inform all decisions made by the marketing department at MCCH. For instance, the marketing strategy has to target largely people who are ageing and couples.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The marketing manager at MCCH has to come up with policies that best suit the kind of people targeted, as given by population statistics. Away from the aging segment, the luxury bedrooms that were made available at MCCH in the year 2002 and the bar inside MCCH that was licensed to sell alcoholic drinks will on the other hand attract all the young couples and singles to MCCH. Just as changes keep on occurring in the Singaporean, the relative demand by tourists for products also keeps changing. Psychographic trends are measured y studying specific characteristics of a certain population, and they include attitudes, motives, values, and interests of a certain population.[7] According to a research by Kau et al, 65% Singaporeans said that family was the most important thing for them[8]. 65% is great majority thus need to bear in mind that Singaporeans value their families when planning any marketing venture. The government also seems to ag ree with these facts since a family day is usually organized by the government every year where families get together to share various activities. MCCH through its new CEO should therefore look out for these family days and organize family day promotions. MCCH can also organize special treats on specific weekends monthly for families to just come together and spend some time at the facility. Religion and education also matter a great deal of most Singaporeans. MCCH through its CEO should desist from inclining towards any kind of religion be it Buddhism or Christianity since it can lead Singaporeans from one religion completely ignore MCCH. Another critical macro-environmental factor that may affect MCCH’s performance is government control through bureaucracy. This is evident through bans on smoking and licensing laws that affect the hotel industry[9]. Finally, it is worth noting the contribution of technology in improving operations at the hotel. Technological changes that im prove efficiency e.g. use of credit cards in all hotel transactions and electronic door systems on hotel rooms have been adopted by MCCH. SWOT Analysis SWOT is an acronym for the words Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and strengths. To understand an organization, an analyst has to look within its internal environment to identify strengths and weaknesses therein and within its external environment to identify opportunities and threats. Based on the information given a SWOT analysis on MCCH is as shown below.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Strengths Well managed Market leader in profitability Prime physical location i.e. proximity to famous tourist sites 11 years of continued investment Increased capacity due to buying of adjacent property and increasing luxury bedrooms in 2002 Extended and modernized function suite Busy and successful bistro New Spacious Foyer Beauty salon that offers latest beauty treats Well trained staff in communication skills and customer care Opportunities Increased consumer spending on sit down meals Increasing adoption to new cuisines from different parts of the world Eating out major part of lifestyle of young and middle aged couples Growing demand for healthier eating Growth in domestic tourism Increased inbound tourism in the country Increased family travel Weaknesses Decline in corporate client bookings Retirement of one of the major partners Lack of enthusiasm from other partners towards new ideas Threats Highly competitive hotel industry Lack of product differentiation Increased government control Persistent war prices Highly demanding customers; i.e. affluent customers who wish to have an authentic experience Ansoff’s Matrix Ansoff’s matrix indicates that growth of a company depends on whether the organization markets old products in existing markets, develops new product or services, develops markets or diversifies i.e. goes into other businesses that are not similar to current business[10]. MCCH should foster its growth through market penetration. This can be made possible through anchoring on the opportunities in the business environment. For instance, there is growth or increase in both foreign and domestic tourism. Therefore, through proper market communication suited for different market niches, MCCH can tap into the market potential. Slow and sure bus tours should be made available for the ageing couples while live concerts and all night music at the licensed bars could be introduced to bring in young couples and singles . This strategy will help MCCH maintain develop and increase its market share. MCCH can also expand in the next 2 years through market development. Market development involves coming up with strategies that help an organization to enter new markets[11]. For MCCH, there are new market frontiers due to increased foreign and local tourism. More importantly is the change in tastes and preferences by locals leading to adoption of eating delicacies from other parts of the world. Market development will also require proper market communication but on a much greater scale unlike when focus is on market penetration. For instance, MCCH should use channels like the internet, 24-hour television channels like CNN and BBC to ensure the message is spread everywhere. The third strategy that MCCH can adopt as per Ansoff’s matrix is product development. Product development is the creation of new services and products. The tastes of customers are changing. In tandem, MCCH should bring in new pr oducts in tandem with changing customer needs. For instance, family tours are becoming more popular thus, introduction of family fun days, additional educational services and live concerts in the bars and restaurants can be the way to go for MCCH. Diversification is also an important strategy and it helps bring some differentiation in an industry that is direly in need of difference. Introduction of complimentary or supplementary businesses or even very different business could help cushion MCCH against any changes in the market. Porters Five Forces Model There are five forces, which a business owner has to understand to guide an organization to greater heights[12]. The first force that the management at MCCH has to consider and evaluate is supplier power. The new chief executive officer of MCCH has to understand how powerful the organization’s suppliers are. This is usually calculated in terms of the number of suppliers the organization has; the number of individuals in the industry that supply a commodity needed by an organization. If the suppliers are few, they are more powerful and can alter prices as they wish[13]. Although, information is not provided on the suppliers of MCCH, the new CEO has to work closely with suppliers to gain economies of scale, have competitively priced supplies or enjoy better performance due to just in time delivery of supplies. The second force to contend with is buyer power. Buyer power refers to capacity of buyers to influence prices[14]. Buyer power increases with increase in competition among suppliers[15]. It has to be noted that consumers especially the affluent are becoming even more quality conscious. This means that going into the future, customers are likely to enjoy more power over what hotels offer and how they offer it. MCCH has to in readiness for the same becoming a leader through better anticipating of customer preferences and designing appropriate responses. The third force that managers have to take into account as per Porter’s grid is threat of new entrants. Exit and entrance barriers determine threat of new entrants[16]. If it is easy for another firm to enter an industry, the threat of new entrants is high. Given the continuing growth of the Singaporean tourism market, and with projections of 17 million tourists annually, by the year 2015, the threat of new entries prevails. However, given the high cost involved in setting up an international hotel, the likelihood of many other international hotels being set up is limited. Therefore, the head of MCCH should expand to attract the many tourist expected in Singapore in future. Competitor rivalry in the hotel industry in Singapore is very high[17]. However, MCCH is leading the pack and there are more opportunities that can be tapped into. Through diversification and developing of new products, differentiation can be introduced by MCCH thus setting itself apart for a successful future. The final force, as per Porter’s m odel is threat of substitutes. In the case study, there is no indicator whatsoever of substitute offerings. Therefore, there is no threat of substitutes. However, through improving on its offering and tapping into emerging opportunities, MCCH should be able to grow in leaps regardless of whether substitute offerings arise or not. Bibliography Bryant, EF AJ Morrison, â€Å"Travel market segmentation and the  implication of market strategies†, Journal of Travel Research, Vol.18, no.3, 1981, pp. 2-6 Crask, MR, â€Å"Segmenting the Vacationer Market: Identifying the Vacation Preferences, Demographics and Magazine Readership of Each Group†, Journal of Travel Research, vol.20, no.2, 1981, pp. 29- 33 Doole, I. P Lancaster R Lowe, Understanding and Managing Customers, Prentice Hall, London, 2004 Engle, J F RD Blackwell, Consumer Behavior, New York: The Dryden Press, 1982 Kau, A K, WY, Yeong D Richmond, A Delphi Study of Future Lifestyles and Consumption Patterns in Singa pore, Center for Business Research and Development, National University of Singapore, 1993 Kau, AK C Yang, Values and Lifestyles of Singaporeans: A Marketing Perspective, Singapore: Singapore University Press, 1991 Kay, J, Foundations of Corporate Success: How Business Strategies add Value. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2003 Kotler, P, Marketing Management: Analysis, Planning and Control, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1984 Mills, G, Retail Pricing Strategies and Market Power. Melbourne University, Publishing, Melbourne, 2002 Yergin, D. J Stanislaw, The Commanding Heights, Simon and Schuster, New York, 2002 Footnotes J,F,Engle R D Blackwell, Consumer Behavior, New York: The Dryden Press, 1982, p. 45 P Kotler, Marketing Management: Analysis, Planning and Control, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1984, p. 122 MR Crask, â€Å"Segmenting the Vacationer Market: Identifying the Vacation Preferences, Demographics and Magazine Readership of Each Group†, Journal of Trav el Research, vol.20, no.2, 1981, p.31 EF Bryant AJ Morrison, â€Å"Travel market segmentation and the  implication of market strategies†, Journal of Travel Research, Vol.18, no.3, 1981, p. 4 Ibid., p. 2 Ibid., p. 3 Engle Blackwell,p. 34 AK Kau, WY Yeong D Richmond, A Delphi Study of Future Lifestyles and Consumption Patterns in Singapore, Center for Business Research and Development, National University of Singapore, 1993, p.5 Kau, et al, p.11 G Mills, Retail Pricing Strategies and Market Power. Melbourne University, Publishing, Melbourne, 2002, p. 102 Engle Blackwell, p. 75 I Doole, P Lancaster R Lowe, Understanding and Managing Customers, Prentice Hall, London, 2004, p. 221 D Yergin J Stanislaw, The Commanding Heights, Simon and Schuster, New York, 2002, p. 123 Ibid., p. 128 Mills, p. 44 J Kay, Foundations of Corporate Success: How Business Strategies Add Value. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2003, p. 113 Kau et al, p. 7 This essay on Marketing Management was written and submitted by user Deacon C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Tibetan Silver

Tibetan Silver Tibetan Silver is the name given to the metal used in some jewelry available online, such as on eBay or via Amazon. These items typically ship from China. Have you ever wondered how much silver is in Tibetan Silver or about the chemical composition of Tibetan Silver? Would you be surprised to learn that this metal can be dangerous? Tibetan Silver is a silver-colored alloy consisting of copper with tin or nickel. Some items described as Tibetan Silver are cast iron that has been plated with the silver-colored metal. Most Tibetan Silver is copper with tin rather than copper with nickel because nickel causes skin reactions in many people. Health Hazards Ironically, the metal often contains other elements that are much more toxic than nickel. It is inadvisable for pregnant women or children to wear items made with Tibetan Silver because some of the items contain high levels of dangerous metals, including lead and arsenic. eBay issued a buyer warning so that bidders would be aware of the metallurgical testing conducted on Tibetan Silver items and the possible toxicity of these items. In six of seven items that were analyzed using x-ray fluorescence, the primary metals in the Tibetan Silver were actually nickel, copper, and zinc. One item contained 1.3% arsenic and extremely high lead content of 54%. A separate sampling of items revealed comparable compositions, with trace amounts of chromium, aluminum, tin, gold, and lead, although in that study, all of the samples contained acceptable levels of lead. Note that not all items contain toxic levels of heavy metals. The warning for pregnant women and children is intended to prevent accidental poisonings. Other Names Sometimes comparable metallurgical compositions have been called Nepalese silver, white metal, pewter, lead-free pewter, base metal, or simply tin alloy. In the past, there was an alloy called Tibetan Silver that actually did contain the element silver. Some vintage Tibetan silver is sterling silver, which is 92.5% silver. The remaining percent could be any combination of other metals, although usually, it is copper or tin.

Thoughts of seven wonders of Egypt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Thoughts of seven wonders of Egypt - Essay Example The two main influences of architecture are the sphinx and the great pyramid, since the two artifacts have been in existence for a long period of time. After an analysis of ancient Egyptian culture, I would say that the world has a lot to learn from the work and life of the ancient Egyptians. The first thing that is learnt is the importance of religion and the significance of religious aspects to world history. For example, it is evident that most of Egypt’s artifacts and important architecture have some religious significance or other, therefore, the importance of religion in confirming opinion is noted. The other learning point from the ancient Egyptian studies is the importance of literary thinking and record-keeping. The libraries that were used by the ancient scholars are still accessible, indicating that the Egyptians thought to document all aspects of their civilization. In my opinion, ancient Egyptian civilization was the single most important facet of worldly development and

Human resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Human resources - Essay Example Current competitive environment has made employees more devoted towards their work and they end up having issues with their personal life (Friedman 2008). Various relationships have experienced breakups due to increased devotion towards work by either one or both members of the couples. Due to problems in personal life, organizations end up paying higher costs (Beard 2011). Researchers have proven that increase in work-life imbalance has resulted in high employee turnover rate, increase in number of days when employees are absent from work, health issues, dissatisfaction from job and life, and increased pressure on managers (Imam 8644). All of these problems are directly linked with decrease in productivity of an organization. When the rate of employee turnover increases, work is halted until empty positions are filled (Beard 2011). When employees do not attend work, the amount of production that they would have been able to conduct is compromised. Dissatisfaction from working condit ions results in de-motivating the workers to work efficiently and effectively, which decreases the quality and the quantity of goods produced. The organizations do not only face loss of productivity due to work life imbalance, they even end up paying higher cost incurred for employee’s psychological health, which is disturbed by this imbalance. Various ways have been continuously pointed out to solve the problem of work-life imbalance; managers need to assess these ways and create programs constituting these methods to increase productivity and increase work-life balance. Managers can offer flexible work timings to employees, for example, managers have to allot a specific number of hours for an employee to work and the employee can decide what bracket of hours he choose to work (Kanter 2010). Managers can assign a work day of 5 hours to an employee and the employee can choose whether to work from 9am to 2pm or 2pm to 7pm etc.

Improving Job Quality in the UK Labour Market

Improving Job Quality in the UK Labour Market The prospects for improving job quality at the lower end of the labour market in the UK pay Introduction Frederick Engels once wrote that labour is the prime basic condition for all human existence, and this to such an extent that, in a sense, we have to say that labour created man himself (1934). A person’s job helps define who they are. The level of income, time spent working, and the quality of the job, highly influence a person’s life. As Sweet and Meiksins say: â€Å"work occupies most of our waking hours; it is a crucial part of identities and influences life chances.† (2008, p. 1) As it has always been, employers are mostly looking for hardworking, well-educated people with particular sets of skills. These days education has become the Alpha and Omega of employment as Daniel Bell puts it: â€Å"If capital and labour are the major structural features of industrial society, information and knowledge are those of post-industrial society.† (1973, p. 211) With the rise in the number of people with higher education, one would expect a rise in higher, well-paid jobs. But in the UK, the situation is quite different. Not only is there a lot of low skilled service sector jobs with low wages, which result in poverty, but there is also growing pay inequality. The worst off are those on the lower end of the labour market who receive a pay of the bottom 20-25% and hold low-skilled jobs which are routine and semi-routine, and require no qualification. The most common job among these is that of the sales assistant. The number of these kind of low-wage workers in the UK is a staggering 20.6% (OECD 2011). This kind of inequality brings health and social problems. Studies show that more unequal countries have worse health and social problems such as lower life expectancy, higher mental illness and obesity, more teenage births and infant mortality, more homicides, etc. (Wilkinson and Pickett, 2009). This is quite a logical deduction to make, since a big part of an individual’s life is his/her job, and dissatisfaction with one’s job – which is directly linked to the dissatisfaction with one’s income – greatly influences the physical and psychological health of the said individual. Changes in the new economy In recent years, there has been a shift from the old economy to the new. These terms were thought up and are used by Sweet and Meiksins in their work – Changing countours of work. There they state that the old economy represents the various ways of assigning and structuring work that developed in the wake of the Industrial Revolution through to the mid-20th century. It included systems which were built around mass production, gendered divisions of labour, unionized labour, etc. The new economy brought about changes. For one, good jobs that require a limited education are disappearing, which forces a big group of people to take on menial, low-paid jobs with little prospects for future advancement. This system partially stems from Frederick Winslow Taylor who introduced his philosophy at the beginning of the 20th century. He argued for the separation of ‘thought’ from ‘execution’, which resulted in the creation of legions of deskilled jobs and the decli ne in the individual worker’s ability to control the conditions and rewards of work. (2008, p. 10). This fit perfectly into the abiding cultural belief that some should be owners and others workers. This popularized the idea that inequality in the workplace is actually desirable in a capitalistic system. (Sweet and Meiksins, 2008, p. 11) The belief that workers are indolent and cannot be trusted is directly responsible for the creation of the so-called McJobs – a.k.a. jobs on the very low end of the labour market. Wikipedia defines a McJob as a low-paying, low-prestige dead-end job that requires few skills and offers very little chance of intercompany advancement. The quality of these types of jobs is extremely low. The deliberations of the European Commission show that there is a propensity for the representatives of governments to assert that all parties would gain from job quality improvements. Francis Green states that wage rate is a key indication of a job’s quality, and claims that for the pay to be fair, it should be related to a worker’s contribution to the performance of the organization. (2006, p. 111) Green claims that there are no specifically economic reasons to look forward to long-term improvements or any other trend in the perceived fairness of material rewards. In the mid-20th century countries in transition would experience rising inequality, followed by a later equalizing trend. A lot of countries experienced declining income inequality for most of the 20th century, which started to rise again after the 1970s. (2006, pp. 119-20). This could be construed as a realistic standpoint, but it could also be called unnecessarily pessimistic. Although trends are not promising, this issue is one yet to be tackled. Concerns over wage inequality Public debates and policy discussions are brimming with concerns over inequality of wages. Despite the increased importance of tax credits as a source of household income growth over the past decade, pay still remains central to maintaining adequate living standards for most low to middle income households. (Pennycook and Whittaker; 2012, p. 4) It has widely been agreed that by far the best single measure of income inequality is the Gini coefficient of concentration. (Chen, Tsaur and Rhai; 1982, p. 473). With the Gini coefficient, 0 marks that everyone has the same income, and 1 that the richest person has all the income. In the UK this number is 4 which is well below what one would hope for. OECD shows that the gap between the rich and the poor has widened in the past decades. The incomes of top earners in the UK have risen much faster than for everyone else. The richest people have an income of about 10 times that of the poorest. Since the 1990s there has been a rise in people reporting high incomes, and also, high income taxes dropped. (2014) Groups that are most likely to hold low paid jobs are women, part-time or temporary workers, young workers, and workers in relatively low-skilled occupational groups such as Elementary Occupations (cleaners, security guards, catering assistants, leisure workers) and Sales Customer services (Pennycook and Whittaker; 2012, p. 5) What causes wage disparities? Over the past few decades, the UK, as well as other countries, has gone through significant changes. It underwent rapid technological progress and was more closely integrated into the global economy. When talking about the issue of income inequality, a lot of people tend to recognize globalization and technological advancement as the main culprits. They affected the job market by bringing high skilled workers greater rewards than the low-skilled ones, thus widening the gap between their respective earnings. Technological progress also penalized those who did not have the necessary skills to adapt and use technology effectively. (OECD; 2011, p. 28). This tended to have the worst effect on the people in low social positions which caused the gap between the well-off, who could afford the time and money to tackle the changing demands, and those who got stuck doing work that was becoming less and less appreciated. Alongside these changes, minimum wage also declined across many countries, as did the share of union members among workers. A lot of policies and institutions also made significant changes which contributed to higher employment, but also wage disparities. (OECD; 2011, p. 30). A lot of people found employment in factories, the service department and other low-skilled jobs which were in abundance, but had low wages and no prospects for the future. Some other things that encourage inequality are: privatization, subcontracting, deregulation, welfare to work policies, and neo-liberal policies. Possible solutions Britain’s reliance on an extensive pool of low-skilled, low-paid labour is not predetermined. The particular incidence and composition of low-paid work in any given country is the result of unique patterns of production and employment and these patterns are influenced, in part, by policy choices. Reducing the share of workers who are low paid is not a political objective that can be easily addressed by legislative levers. It is therefore not surprising that many policymakers have been justifiably reluctant to intervene in the market, preferring instead to correct market inequities through remedial redistribution (Pennycook and Whittaker; 2012, p. 39). But the redistribution systems in reality did little to reduce inequality. (OEDC; 2011, p. 92) Reforming tax and benefit policies would help soften the problem of inequality, by getting more people into the labour force, while making sure they stay in jobs paying good wages is essential. (OEDC; 2014). Government help and transfers also have an important role of making sure that low-level income households don’t fall further down into poverty. The reform of the tax policies for high-income individuals, whose job and income is generally more stable, would also help the redistribution of wealth and social mobility. However, these reforms would have to be thoroughly examined, and well thought up. The key would be ensuring that the poorly represented groups, such as young people, women and immigrants, have access to jobs with prospects for advancement. Another key point would be to allow low-paid individuals additional job-related education and skill-acquirement by incentivising companies to invest in their ‘human capital’. Due to the high demand for high-skilled individuals, especially in the newer fields of technology, marketing, and such, in the long haul, one of the possible solutions would be better government-supported education in these deficit fields for children of low-income families. This would create better social mobility, and at least a small boost in economy. The Welfare Reform Act 2012 introduced a wide range of reforms to the benefit and tax credit system (Universal Credit). Under the current system a working-age individual with low earnings and no disabilities may be entitled to receive payments from one or more of three main benefit groups; unemployment benefits and social assistance; the Housing Benefit and Council Tax Benefit and Tax Credits. Different benefits within each of these three groups are internally coordinated and roughly based on the same framework, while there is close to no coordination across the three benefit groups, leading to a rather erratic incentive structure. Under Universal Credit, the main means-tested benefits, except the Council Tax Benefit will be pooled into one single benefit with generous earnings disregards and one single rate of benefit withdrawal against income (taper rate). At the same time, support for childcare through the benefit system is made accessible for parents regardless of how many hours a week they work. Stated goals of the Universal Credit reform include giving people incentives to work, diminishing complexity, reducing relative poverty and containing the rising cost of welfare dependency (Andrà ©, C.et al. 2013). This act is important for this discussion because, what is hoped to be achieved in the long run is giving people incentives to work. Combined with some of the measures mentioned before, this would also allow people, who are now in a vicious circle of not having enough money for up-skilling, and not enough skills to make money, to break free and start climbing the proverbial social ladder – better jobs and better pays. Some say that the greatest priority is bound to be employment security. Macroeconomic and financial stability is the prime job quality policy at the moment. It is the job of government to try to ensure stable macroeconomic conditions, which, despite efforts, has not worked out recently. This recession has hit the lower end of the working class the hardest, but recessions have in the past always ended and, despite climate change we can expect a renewal of growth over the next few years, which will gradually reduce job insecurity again. Francis Green’s analysis of recent trends in Britain implies that the three urgent ongoing issues for policymakers to address are skills, autonomy and effort. (2009. pp. 28-29.) Conclusion Jobs are a very important part of who a person is. It is one of the ways we define ourselves. Job satisfaction is one of the principal issues in the overall life satisfaction of an individual. The quality of a job is directly linked to wages. In recent decades, due to various reasons which include globalisation and technological advancement, there has emerged a trend of rising disparity of wages in the UK. The incomes of top earners in the UK have risen much faster than for those receiving low wages. The demand for high-skilled workers is rising, but 20% of people still work in low-paid jobs with no intercompany prospects. This wage inequality is the object of much public and political debate. Although every part of the government asserts that solving this inequality and improving job quality would be better for everyone, this is not a political objective that can be easily tackled by legislature. This is why many policymakers have been justifiably reluctant to intervene in the marke t, preferring instead to correct market inequities through remedial redistribution. Some of the ways in which the inequality could be softened are the reformation of tax policies for high-income individuals and households, benefit policies for low-income households, better education and skill acquiring opportunities, ensuring employment security and stabilizing macroeconomics and finances. These changes will have to be made gradually and carefully, but nothing in the economic research suggests that this wage disparity is necessary and cannot be avoided. References Andrà ©, C.et al. 2013. Labour Market, Welfare Reform and Inequality in the United Kingdom. OECD Economics, Department Working Papers, No. 1034, OECD Publishing Bell, D. 1973. The Coming of Post-Industrial Society. New York: Basic Books. Chen, C.N., Tsaur, T.W. and Rhai, T.S. 1982. The Gini Coefficient and Negative Income; Oxford Economic Papers, New Series, (34/3) pp. 473-492. New York: Oxford University Press Engels, F. 1934. The Part played by Labour in the Transition from Ape to Man. Moscow: Progress Publishers. Green F. 2006. Demanding work: The Paradox of Job Quality and Affluent Economy. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Green, F. 2009. Job Quality in Britain. Praxis, issue 1, November, London: UK Commission for Employment and Skills. OECD, Jan. 2013, Income Distribution and Poverty at the OECD [Online] Available at: http://www.oecd.org/social/inequality.htm [Accessed: 18 January 2014] OECD. 2011. Divided we stand: Why inequality Keeps Rising, OECD Publishing. Pennycook M., Whittaker M. 2012. Low Pay Britain. London: Resolution Foundation. Sweet S. and Meiksins P. 2008. Changing countours of work. Newbury Park: Pine Forge Press. Wilkinson, R.G. and Pickett K. 2009. The Spirit Level: Why More Equal Societies Almost Always Do Better. London: Allen Lane

Are You Unique? (for Cloning) :: essays research papers fc

You have been told that you are unique. The belief that there is no one else like you in the whole world has made you feel special and proud. In the near future, this belief may not be true. The world was stunned by the news in the summer of 1995, when a British embryologist named Ian Wilmut, and his research team, successfully cloned Dolly the sheep using the technique of nuclear transfer. Replacing the DNA of one sheep’s egg with the DNA of another sheep’s udder created Dolly. Plants and lower forms of animal life have been successfully cloned for many years, but before Wilmut's announcement, it had been thought by many to be unlikely that such a procedure could be performed on larger mammals and life forms. The world media was immediately filled with heated discussions about the ethical implications of cloning. Some of the most powerful people in the world have felt compelled to act against this threat. President Clinton swiftly imposed a ban on federal funding for human-cloning research. Bills were put in the works in both houses of Congress to outlaw human cloning because it was deemed as a fundamentally evil thing that must be stopped. But what, exactly, is bad about it? From an ethical point of view, it is difficult to see exactly what is wrong with cloning human beings. The people who are afraid of cloning tend to assume that someone would, for example, break into Napoleon's Tomb, steal some DNA and make a bunch of emperors. In reality, infertile people who use donated sperm, eggs, or embryos would probably use cloning. Do the potential harms outweigh the benefits of cloning? From what we know now, they don't. Therefore, we should not rush placing a ban on a potentially useful method of helping infertile, genetically at-risk, homosexual, or single people to become parents. Do human beings have a right to reproduce? No one has the moral right to tell another person that they should not be able to have children, and I don't see why Bill Clinton has that right either. If humans have a right to reproduce, what right does society have to limit the means? Essentially all reproduction done these days is with medical help at delivery, and even before. Truly natural human reproduction would make pregnancy-related death the number one killer of adult women. Some forms of medical help are more invasive than others.

Portfolio Assessment

Portfolio assessment is a multi-faceted process characterized by the following recurrent qualities: * It is continuous and ongoing, providing both formative (i. e. , ongoing) and summative (i. e. , culminating) opportunities for monitoring students' progress toward achieving essential outcomes. * It is multidimensional, i. e. , reflecting a wide variety of artifacts and processes reflecting various aspects of students' learning process(es). It provides for collaborative reflection, including ways for students to reflect about their own thinking processes and metacognitive introspection as they monitor their own comprehension, reflect upon their approaches to problem-solving and decision-making, and observe their emerging understanding of subjects and skills. * They clearly reflect stated learner outcomes identified in the core or essential curriculum that students are expected to study. * They focus upon students' performance-based learning experiences as well as their acquisition of key knowledge, skills, and attitudes. They contain samples of work that stretch over an entire marking period, rather than single points in time. * They contain works that represent a variety of different assessment tools. * They contain a variety of work samples and evaluations of that work by the student, peers, and teachers, possible even parents' reactions. Source: Paul S. George, (1995). What Is Portfolio Assessment Really and How Can I Use It in My Classroom? Gainesville, FL: Teacher Education Resources. Purposes of the Portfolio The Professional Portfolio we describe at PortfolioMaker. a differs from others you may see elsewhere in that it includes the following two main purposes: * To demonstrate your professional knowledge and skill in what some people call teaching ‘competencies' and which we call ‘Dimensions of Teaching'. * To emphasize your reflections on your entries. Your reflections will prove to be an integral part of the whole portfolio process because without them, the portfolio remains merely a scrapbook, a collection of information — not a portfolio. Our philosophy of the Professional Portfolio builds on the work of Donald Schon (1983). The reflective practitioner: How professionals think in action. Basic Books. * To illustrate your knowledge and skills in interviews or job appraisals. * To make your teaching visible so that you can: * Ensure that your teaching includes practices that reflect the reasons that you chose this profession. * Reflect on your practice and establish learning goals and/or targets. * Reflect on your practice to determine the extent to which you have achieved these goals and/or targets. * Ensure that your teaching reflects your beliefs about what good teaching should be * And, to celebrate your professionalism. Different Types of Portfolios * Documentation Portfolio: This type is also know as the â€Å"working† portfolio. Specifically, this approach involves a collection of work over time showing growth and improvement reflecting students' learning of identified outcomes. The documentation portfolio can include everything from brainstorming activities to drafts to finished products. The collection becomes meaningful when specific items are selected out to focus on particular educational experiences or goals. It can include the bet and weakest of student work. Process Portfolio: This approach documents all facets or phases of the learning process. They are particularly useful in documenting students' overall learning process. It can show how students integrate specific knowledge or skills and progress towards both basic and advanced mastery. Additionally, the process portfolio inevitably emphasizes students' reflection upon their learning process, including the use of reflective journals, think logs, and related forms of metacognitive processing. * Showcase Portfolio: This type of portfolio is best used for summative evaluation of students' mastery of key curriculum outcomes. It should include students' very best work, determined through a combination of student and teacher selection. Only completed work should be included. In addition, this type of portfolio is especially compatible with audio-visual artifact development, including photographs, videotapes, and electronic records of students' completed work. The showcase portfolio should also include written analysis and reflections by the student upon the decision-making process(es) used to determine which works are included.

Its Your First Day Teaching French Class Now What

Its the start of the semester and youre teaching your first French class. If youre wondering where to start, try engaging in warmup exercises, looking at French-English cognates, and explaining simple French grammar to provide a way to ease students into learning a new language.   What Is Your Name? Start by speaking to your students completely in French on the first day. Its a good way to help them understand basic greetings and introductions, starting with  Bonjour, je mappelle ..., which means, Hello, my name is ... Let students mingle and answer and ask each other the same question, which allows them to get to know each other in French. Alternatively, seat students in a circle and throw a ball around. When a student catches a ball, she must say  Bonjour, je mappelle  ...  and throw the ball to someone else.  You could also have students pick a French name  for themselves to facilitate conversations during the semester. Other French-language warmup activities include: Help students become accustomed to the room and acquaint them with lists and maps of French-speaking countries.Have students complete a scavenger hunt where the answers are posted—in French of course—or hidden around the room: This gets students out of their seats, lets them see what might be useful for them in learning French in the room, and gets them involved right away.Use visuals and model  hands-on items like the  numbers  in French. Cognates and Family Trees After a warmup activity or two, ease into easy French-language concepts such as  cognates, words that look and/or are pronounced alike in  French and English. Using cognates is a good way to draw students in. They can also start building simple sentences with conjugated forms of  Ãƒ ªtre  (meaning to be),  such as  Je suis..., Tu es..., Il est..., Elle est.  (I am, you are, he is, and they are.)  Students can then create something with their new vocabulary, such as  a family tree, describing their family using their new French vocabulary words. Simple French Grammar Next, try tackling the futur proche, the near future, as in Je vais, meaning I go.  Show  students several verbs in the infinitive. Students dont need to be confused with verb conjugations at first; just explain the simple meaning of several  French verbs  in the infinitive form, which is the form in which students will initially see most verbs. Theyll feel excited about what they can understand in French after just one lesson. Tips and Ideas Instead of starting with student names, begin by teaching the French alphabet. Help students find a word for each letter of the French alphabet. Afterward, let students tag everything in the room with the names of the objects. Student interaction will start right away at this point. When theyve finished tagging the room, have students move into one of the previously discussed name games. While youre planning for your first day of teaching French class, take the time to peruse French  lessons  as well as a guide for helping students improve their  French reading, writing, and  comprehension.